Swimming Glossary

Glossary explained in plain English for parents learning Swimming.

Term Plain-English Meaning Example Also Known As
Meet A swim competition made up of many events, heats, and sometimes relays. The meet starts with warmups before the first event. Competition; swim meet
Event One listed race type, usually defined by distance, stroke, age group, and sometimes relay format. The 25 freestyle and 100 individual medley are different events. Race
Heat One smaller race within an event when there are more swimmers than lanes. Your swimmer may be in heat 5 of the 50 backstroke. Section
Lane The marked section of the pool where a swimmer races. The heat sheet may say lane 3. Assigned lane
Seed Time An entry time used to place swimmers into heats. A swimmer with a faster seed time may be placed in a later heat at some meets. Entry time
NT A listing that means no time has been entered for that swimmer in that event. A first-time swimmer may appear as NT on the heat sheet. No time
Freestyle A stroke event where swimmers usually use front crawl because it is the fastest common choice. The 50 freestyle is often one of the first events beginners learn. Free; front crawl
Backstroke A stroke swum on the back with stroke-specific start, turn, and finish rules. Backstroke swimmers may start in the water holding the wall or grips. Back
Breaststroke A stroke with a specific arm pull, kick, body rhythm, turns, and finish expectations. A swimmer can be DQ'd in breaststroke for an illegal kick or finish. Breast
Butterfly A stroke with a two-arm recovery and dolphin kick pattern, with stroke-specific turn and finish rules. Butterfly is often introduced carefully at beginner levels. Fly
Individual Medley A race where one swimmer completes several strokes in a required order. The IM can be confusing because the swimmer changes strokes during one race. IM
Relay A team race where swimmers race one after another in a set order. Relay swimmers wait for their teammate to finish before starting their leg. Team relay
Relay Exchange The moment one relay swimmer finishes and the next swimmer starts. Leaving early on a relay exchange can cause a DQ. Takeoff; relay start
Disqualification A call that means the swim or relay does not count because a rule was broken. A missed wall touch can lead to a DQ. DQ
Starter The official who begins races with commands and a start signal. Swimmers wait quietly for the starter. Start official
Timer A volunteer or meet worker who records a swimmer's time in a lane. Timers usually stand at the end of each lane. Lane timer
Stroke And Turn Official An official who watches whether swimmers follow stroke, turn, and finish rules. The stroke and turn official may report a DQ to the referee or meet desk. Official
Short-Course Pool A pool format with shorter lengths, often 25 yards or 25 meters in youth meets. Short-course races include more turns than long-course races of the same distance. SCY; SCM
Clerk Of Course A staging role or area that helps organize swimmers before events. Younger swimmers may report to the clerk before walking to lanes. Staging area
Developmental Meet A beginner-friendly meet that may use simplified events, extra coach help, and teaching-focused expectations. A developmental meet may combine age groups or offer shorter races. Beginner meet